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Interpretation of Verses Related to Ghadir
Sura al-Hamd is among the surahs that were fully interpreted by the Prophet (PBUH) concerning the Ahl al-Bayt (a) in the Sermon of Ghadir.
The historical context of the interpretation of Surah al-Hamd in the Sermon of Ghadir has been outlined by some researchers as follows: The interpretation of Surah al-Hamd in Ghadir carries its most profound message. Its position in the sermon is at a point when the Prophet (PBUH), after introducing Ali ibn Abi Talib (a), addresses the serious presence of his enemies within the Muslim community. Subsequently, it aims to present to the people the Quranic indicators and distinctions between the friends and enemies of the Ahl al-Bayt (a). The discourse begins with the interpretation of Surah al-Hamd, which provides the main criterion, and then proceeds to identify friends and foes.
Regarding the theological analysis of the inclusion of Surah al-Hamd in the Sermon of Ghadir, some researchers have presented the following: In Ghadir, the Prophet (PBUH) precisely indicates the sole divine straight path, a path for which no other alternative exists, nor can any similar example replace it. For the eloquence and clarity of this statement, he first refers to himself, Ali ibn Abi Talib (a), and the Imams after him as the Sirat al-Mustaqim (Straight Path), and then immediately recites Surah al-Hamd, the central point of which is the concept of the Sirat al-Mustaqim.
Commentary on the Sermon of Ghadir
“Be aware! Indeed, he is the heir to all knowledge and encompasses every kind of understanding and perception.”
This statement indicates that the Promised Mahdi, peace be upon him, has mastery over all human knowledge, and that nothing is hidden from him. How could it be otherwise, when that noble figure is the quintessence of all beings in the created world, and his knowledge is divinely bestowed, immediate knowledge (al-'ilm al-ladunni), rather than acquired or inferential knowledge?
The meaning of immediate or presential knowledge is that the realities of all realms of existence are clear and manifest to him, and nothing remains concealed from him. This is because, as established in its proper place, presential knowledge is of the same order as the knowledge of the Exalted Truth, unlike acquired knowledge, which is finite and limited in every respect.
For this reason, his revered forefather, the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali, peace be upon him, said:
“Ask me before you lose me.”
And since the sacred being of the Promised Mahdi, peace be upon him, is the true heir of all the prophets and their divinely appointed successors, it follows that whatever spiritual perfections and inward virtues were present in them must be gathered in his blessed existence, so that this inheritance may be fully realized.
Text of the al-Ghadir Sermon
Featured Article
ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Amīnī (1902-1970), known as Allama Amini and Ṣāḥib al-Ghadīr, was a Shi'a scholar, researcher, bibliographer, and author of the al-Ghadīr.
Apart from al-Ghadīr, numerous works by ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Amīnī have been published on Islamic history, fiqh, tafsir, and tarājim, including Shuhadāʾ al-faḍīla and Sīratunā wa sunnatunā sīrat Nabīyinā wa sunnatuh. Given ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Amīnī's scholarly efforts, several authors have described his characteristics and academic personality, and have written monographs about him, such as Ḥamāsa-yi Ghadīr and Amīn-i sharīʿat.
Ghadir in the Mirror of Books
“Propagating Ghadir: Narratives from the Servants” presents a documented compilation of field reports and hands-on experiences from those active in Ghadir’s cultural and promotional activities. The book aims to archive grassroots initiatives, serve as a resource for sharing practical insights, and provide a functional model for future cultural programming.
Ghadir in the Mirror of Images
- Haytham Yusuf
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- Verse 24 of Sura al-Ra'd and Ghadir
- Verse 7 of Sura al-Bayyina and Ghadir
- Verse 103 of Sura al-An'am and Ghadir
- Verse 8 of Sura Ibrahim and Ghadir
- Verse 144 of Sura Al 'Imran and Ghadir
- Verse 45 of Sura al-An'am and Ghadir
- Verse 1 of Sura al-Ikhlas and Ghadir
- Verse 27 of Sura al-Baqara and Ghadir
- Verse 86 of Sura Al 'Imran and Ghadir
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The text of the al-Ghadir Sermon has been published many times as an independent work, and most of those editions were based on the narration found in the book al‑Ihtijaj. However, the present version of the text is based on three narrations: those reported from Imam al‑Baqir (a), Hudhayfa b. al‑Yaman, and Zayd b. Arqam.
This text has been compiled, compared, and refined after cross‑checking it with nine primary sources, namely the books: Rawdat al‑wa'izin, al‑Ihtijaj, al‑'Udad al‑qawiyyah, al‑Yaqin, al‑Tahsin, al‑Iqbal, al‑Sirat al‑mustaqim, Nahj al‑iman, and Nuzhat al‑kiram.
The methodology used in organizing the sermon, comparing the manuscripts, and incorporating the complementary parts from different versions is explained in the book Asrar-i Ghadir (The Secrets of Ghadir). Those interested can refer to that book for further details.
